India is a land of diversity and culture, which is reflected in its wide variety of fruits. India National Fruit, mango, is one fruit that has an unmatched place in the hearts of the people of India. Not only is it the most loved fruit, but it is also India’s national fruit. In this article, we will take a closer look at the different varieties of mangoes found in India, their nutritional benefits, and how they are cultivated.
Introduction to the India National Fruit
The mango is a sweet, juicy and delicious fruit that is native to India. It is a tropical fruit and is widely cultivated in many parts of the world. The mango has been an integral part of Indian culture and cuisine for centuries. It is known as the ‘king of fruits’ in India because of its unique taste, aroma and texture. Mangoes are not only delicious but also have many health benefits. In this article, we will explore the different varieties of mangoes found in India, their nutritional benefits, and how they are cultivated.
History of Mango in India
The history of mango cultivation in India dates back to ancient times. It is believed that the mango was first cultivated in India more than 4000 years ago. The famous Chinese traveler, Hieun Tsang, who visited India in the 7th century, mentioned the cultivation of mangoes in his writings. The Mughal emperor, Akbar, was a great patron of mangoes and is said to have planted over 100,000 mango trees in his orchards. Mangoes were also popular among the rulers of the Maratha Empire and the Nizams of Hyderabad.
Different Varieties of Mangoes in India
India is home to over 1000 varieties of mangoes, each with its unique taste, aroma and texture. Here are some of the most popular varieties of mangoes found in India:
Alphonso Mango
The Alphonso mango is considered to be the king of mangoes in India. It is known for its sweet and juicy taste, rich aroma and soft texture. Alphonso mangoes are mainly grown in the western part of India, particularly in the state of Maharashtra.
Kesar Mango
The Kesar mango is another popular variety of mangoes found in India. It is known for its sweet and juicy taste, rich aroma and fibreless flesh. Kesar mangoes are mainly grown in the state of Gujarat.
Totapuri Mango
The Totapuri mango is a unique variety of mangoes found in India. It is known for its distinct shape, which is long and pointed. Totapuri mangoes are mainly grown in the southern part of India, particularly in the state of Andhra Pradesh.
Chaunsa Mango
The Chaunsa mango is a popular variety of mangoes found in North India. It is known for its sweet and juicy taste, rich aroma and fibreless flesh. Chaunsa mangoes are mainly grown in the state of Punjab.
Langra Mango
The Langra mango is another popular variety of mangoes found in North India. It is known for its sweet and juicy taste and fibreless flesh. Langra mangoes are mainly grown in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
Nutritional Benefits of India National Fruit: Mango
Mangoes are not only delicious but also packed with nutrients that are essential for good health. Here are some of the nutritional benefits of mangoes:
- Rich in Vitamin C: Mangoes are an excellent source of vitamin C, which is essential for a strong immune system.
- High in Fiber: Mangoes are high in dietary fiber, which helps in digestion and promotes bowel regularity.
- Lowers Cholesterol: Mangoes contain compounds that can help lower cholesterol levels in the body, which in turn reduces the risk of heart disease.
- Boosts Eye Health: Mangoes are rich in beta-carotene, which is converted into vitamin A in the body. Vitamin A is essential for good eye health and can help prevent macular degeneration.
- Helps in Weight Loss: Mangoes are low in calories and high in fiber, which makes them an excellent food for weight loss.
Mango Cultivation in India
Mangoes are widely cultivated in many parts of India. The major mango-producing states in India are Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Bihar, and Karnataka. Mangoes are grown in both commercial and backyard orchards. The cultivation of mangoes requires a warm and humid climate, which is why they are mainly grown in the tropical and subtropical regions of India.
Mango Festivals in India
Mangoes are not only a beloved fruit but also a cultural icon in India. Many cities in India celebrate mango festivals to showcase the different varieties of mangoes grown in their regions. The Mango Festival in Delhi, the Mango and Jackfruit Festival in Kerala, and the Mango Mela in Hyderabad are some of the most popular mango festivals in India.
Conclusion
Mangoes are more than just a fruit in India; they are a part of the country’s culture and heritage. With over 1000 varieties of mangoes found in India, each with its unique taste and aroma, it is no wonder that mangoes are India’s national fruit. From their nutritional benefits to their cultivation and festivals, mangoes have a special place in the hearts of the people of India.
FAQs
- What makes the Alphonso mango so special?
The Alphonso mango is considered to be the king of mangoes in India because of its sweet and juicy taste, rich aroma, and soft texture. It is mainly grown in the state of Maharashtra and is one of the most expensive varieties of mangoes in India.
- What is the best way to eat a mango?
Mangoes can be eaten in many ways, such as sliced, diced, or pureed. They can also be used in salads, smoothies, and desserts. Some people prefer to eat mangoes with a sprinkle of salt and chili powder.
- What is the nutritional value of a mango?
Mangoes are rich in vitamin C, dietary fiber, and beta-carotene. They are also a good source of vitamin A, potassium, and magnesium.
- How are mangoes cultivated in India?
Mangoes are mainly cultivated in commercial and backyard orchards in the tropical and subtropical regions of India. The major mango-producing states in India are Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Bihar, and Karnataka.
- What are some popular mango festivals in India?
Some popular mango festivals in India are the Mango Festival in Delhi, the Mango and Jackfruit Festival in Kerala, and the Mango Mela in Hyderabad.
References
- “National Fruit of India.” MapsofIndia.com, 23 Mar. 2021, www.mapsofindia.com/my-india/government/national-fruit-of-india.
- “Mango: Health Benefits, Risks & Nutrition Facts.” LiveScience, 17 Jun. 2020, www.livescience.com/45487-mango-nutrition.html.
- “Mango Cultivation in India.” IndiaMART, www.indiamart.com/india-guide/mango-cultivation-in-india.html.